Larvicidal Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Papaya (Carica papaya L.) Fruit Peel Against Dengue Vector Mosquito Larvae Aedes aegypti

Abstract

Larviciding is an insecticide application activity aimed at killing larvae. In this study, the larvicidal activity of ethanol extract of papaya fruit peel (Carica papaya L.) against dengue vector mosquito larvae, Aedes aegypti, was evaluated. Two stages of testing were conducted, namely a preliminary test and a main test. The preliminary test used 10 larvae for each concentration, with doses ranging from 200 ppm to 2000 ppm at 200-ppm intervals. The main test was conducted at concentrations ranging from 600 ppm to 2000 ppm with 100-ppm intervals, using 25 larvae per concentration. A positive control using abate was included in each test. Since the toxicity threshold of the extract had not been previously determined and could potentially pose risks, LC₅₀ and LC₉₀ values were assessed. The preliminary test results showed that a concentration of 600 ppm caused 25% larval mortality, which was subsequently used as the initial concentration for the main test. The main test demonstrated 100% larval mortality at a concentration of 2000 ppm. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated no statistically significant differences among the treatments. The LC₅₀ and LC₉₀ values were determined to be 1121.29 ppm and 1720.81 ppm, respectively.